In DS9 episode "Return to Grace" we get some notes about Cardassian planetary defense disruptors. At 15:19 we are informed that target is at "400 000 kilometers and closing". 15 seconds later it is at "200 000 kilometers and closing". 5 seconds later, we have Dukat giving order "Fire!". With calculated speed of 13 333 kilometers per second, we have range of 133 335 kilometers. It is safe to assume that Federation PD phasers have at least comparable range; probably greater, but not by much (up to 2 times greater), given that early 24th century Nebula class vessel had phaser range of around 190 000 kilometers, and presuming that greater power supply and room avaliable allowed for greater range (that, however, is unconfirmed).
Photon torpedoes are also presumably part of Federation PDS, with launchers presumably being ground-based.
None seen.
Most Federation space stations are presumably heavily armed and shielded.
- Cardassia had planetary defense platforms during Dominion War, first seen at First Battle of Chin'toka
- Klingon planetary defense system around Ty'Gokor seems to consist primarly from military space stations
